Replacing a U Joint

Replacing a u joint is easy and can cost less than $50, but the cost will vary depending on your vehicle’s characteristics. You can find u-joints for cars at online car parts catalogs. Please note: The information provided on this Website is provided for informational purposes only and is subject to change.

Moog U Joints

Moog U Joints are known for their superior quality and long-lasting performance. Their precision-engineered steel composition has been proven to outlast similar joint designs by CZPT. They also feature fully greaseable ball joints and are easy to maintain. Their selection of products includes many different models for all types of vehicles. In addition, they offer competitive pricing for the value you receive.
Moog’s premium universal joints are precision machined to meet original equipment standards. They’re precision-ground to tight tolerances and quality-controlled throughout the manufacturing process. Each u-joint also features cold-formed and case-hardened bearing cups and superior quality seals. These seals prevent road contaminants from entering the bearing and ensure proper lubrication in the u-joint.

Pin and block friction universal joint

A pin and block friction universal joint has a pin and block arrangement, which provides friction between the coacting parts. The pins extend into a bore on the ends and are located between two intermediate blocks. When they are inserted into the joint, they will flex, which creates the necessary amount of tension.
Pin and block friction universal joints are generally inexpensive and easy to install. They are commonly used in sanitary or corrosive environments, where they are designed to withstand high torque levels. Nevertheless, the high friction in these joints can cause wear, heat generation, and galling. This can be mitigated by the use of self-lubricating materials. Depending on the application, plain bearings are available in various materials, including alloys, stainless steel, and combinations of hard and softer materials.
Pin and block friction universal joints can be customized to meet the specific requirements of a given application. They can be made of a variety of materials and are available with specialty coatings and plating. Some models even feature lubricant boots for various lubrication needs.
While choosing a pin and block friction universal joint, consider the environment in which the joint will operate. Some types are better suited for applications with heavier loads or with axes that spin at high speeds. In addition, a particular type of universal joint will do well in harsh environments, where abrasive materials and excessive heat can cause premature wear and component damage.
Pin and block friction universal joints are available in both single and double-u styles. They can also be manufactured as kits or as fully assembled units. A wide variety of machining options are also available for these joints. These friction universal joints are available in different OD and bore sizes. They can also be ordered with set screws to customize their geometries.
Manufacturers of universal joints have a variety of options for customers, ranging from stainless steel to aluminum. They are also available in different sizes, operating angles, outer diameters, and speeds. Some of the products are precision-machined to meet exacting specs. They can be used in many industrial applications, from construction to aerospace.

Double Cardan joint drive shaft

Double Cardan joints are used to replace single cardan or u-joints on the drive shaft. Their operating angles are different, depending on the manufacturer. Toyota, for example, specifies a 0.9deg operating angle plus or minus one degree. This allows the two shafts to move with the same speed.
The design of a Cardan joint is based on the concept of gimbals, which have been used since antiquity. The Ancient Greeks used them in their ballistae.He later called it the Polhem knot, and in Europe, it was referred to as the Cardan joint. In 1676, Robert Hooke produced a working model.
A double cardan joint drive shaft is not susceptible to the phasing problem that single cardan joints have. In addition, it is crucial to line up bearing caps and check for a straight driveline. The most common cause of driveline noise is driveline vibration. When vibration occurs, it can be caused by a drive shaft not being perfectly balanced. The drive shaft must be of a diameter and wall thickness sufficient to eliminate vibration.
When installing a Double Cardan joint drive shaft, you must also upgrade your transfer case yoke. The easiest and least expensive way to upgrade your transfer case yoke is to buy a Slip Yoke Eliminator kit (SYE) kit. This kit shortens the main shaft of the transfer case and reduces the driveline angle. After installing the SYE kit, you must measure the length of your drive shaft to ensure the yoke matches the new shaft.
A double Cardan joint is one of the most common types of drive shafts in modern times. This drive shaft uses two universal joints that are mounted back-to-back. The first joint acts as an intermediate shaft, while the second cancels out any velocity errors introduced by the first joint. This double Cardan joint also works as a CV joint when correctly aligned.
A double cardan joint drive shaft is more flexible than conventional single cardan joint drive shafts, and can operate at greater operating angles. However, the double cardan joint is sensitive to changes in ride height. Every inch of height difference results in a one-degree angle change between the u-joint and drive shaft. This can be problematic if the vehicle is carrying different loads.

Standard u-joint

A standard u joint is a standard automotive part used for steering and axle movements. Its strength depends on the steel used, the size of the body and bearings, and the torque applied. Its strength is tested under continuous torque loads for the entire expected life of the part. Generally, the u-joint’s maximum torque limit is two to three times the yield torque.
U-joints can come in different sizes and shapes. It is best to measure the dimensions of the driveline components before purchasing a U-joint. These measurements will help you identify the correct size for your project. If you are building a muscle car or a custom street rod, you’ll encounter a wide range of sizes and shapes for the parts.
While most of the standard u-joint assemblies are universal, some are made for specific applications. For example, a 1310 series u-joint is suitable for most vehicles, whereas a rugged 1350 series is ideal for performance-oriented applications. The larger the series number, the larger the trunnions, which in turn means more strength. Torsion forces are exerted during a twisting motion, so the larger the trunnions, the stronger the joint.
A U-joint connects a car’s transmission to the rear differential or front differential. A driveline is made up of the transmission, a slip yoke, a shaft, and two or more U-joints. Each U-joint adjusts the angles at which the driveline works. While the driveline is a complex system, replacing a U-joint is usually easier than replacing the entire driveline.
Often times, a standard u joint is damaged when it is over-tightened or over-stretched. When this happens, it may lead to damage to the yoke and axle shaft. These damages can lead to expensive repairs or even a new axle shaft. Fortunately, there are ways to repair a standard u joint yourself.
There are two main types of u-joints. The first is the common hot-rod style u-joint, and the other is a combination joint. A combination u-joint is a versatile part that fits a variety of applications.

editor by CX 2023-10-18

How to Determine the Correct U Joint Size and Configuration

A u-joint is a mechanical connector that allows lateral and side-to-side movement of a driveshaft or axle. Despite their flexibility, u-joints are expensive to replace and repair. Fortunately, there are ways to determine the correct u-joint size and configuration.

u-joints are flexible mechanical connectors

U-joints are flexible mechanical connector components that serve a variety of purposes. They are most commonly made of steel, though they can be made of stainless steel or alloyed steel for greater temperature and torque capacities. Plastics, however, can also be used to make u-joints for applications that require electrical or magnetic insulation. There are several types of u-joints, including solid hub and bored styles. Bored styles have a circular or hex-shaped hole while solid hub styles don’t have one. Splined u-joints are also known as keyed joints because they have longitudinal grooves inside the bore, which prevent rotation.
U-joints are a common type of universal joint that helps cars and trucks move freely between the front and rear axle. The mechanical connection between the two axles is crucial for vehicle performance, and u-joints help compensate for this misalignment. Typically, they are located at either end of a drive shaft. Regardless of the application, the mechanical flexibility of u-joints is essential for smooth torque delivery.
While universal joints don’t normally go bad, they can be damaged. If left unattended, universal joints can make some vehicles unsafe or unable to move. Understanding how universal joints work can help you prevent the need for expensive repairs. Fortunately, u-joint failure is usually gradual.
A universal joint is a versatile mechanical connector used in a variety of applications. Unlike a flanged joint, a u-joint is flexible and can easily be positioned to withstand varying alignments. Its two-sided locking mechanism prevents leaks and allows a watertight seal.
While flexible mechanical connectors can be a great choice for many applications, they can suffer from shaft misalignment, which can shorten their life span. A universal joint is designed to handle large angular misalignment and has the ability to compensate for these misalignments. It also offers precision positioning and minimal backlash.
A universal joint can transmit a continuous 20 in-lbs of torque, but it must be operated at a 15 degree angle and must run at a 600-rpm speed. The operating angle and speed must be aligned so that the center member’s yoke ears are a proper fit. These angles can cause the output torque to vary and can negatively affect the performance of a system.
Another type of universal joint is the double-Hooke joint. It involves two Hooke’s joints that are connected by a shaft. A shaft in the middle eliminates discrepancies in velocity and angular dislocation. A 100% true constant-velocity joint is the Birfield joint. This type of joint ensures even torque transfer rates.
The screwed connection has greater deformation capacity than plastic or adhesive joints. In fact, it can withstand up to 6.4 times more force than a PST or a PTS connection. Another difference between these two types is the ductility of the joints.

They allow for lateral and side-to-side movement of the driveshaft or axle

A U joint is a part of a vehicle’s drivetrain that allows lateral and side-to-side movement. A u-joint consists of a cross that is rigid and angled at 45deg, with one of its ends running parallel to the driving shaft. The other end, known as the driven side, is angled at 90deg. The two ends of the u-joints rotate with the driveshaft or axle.
A U joint is also called a universal joint. It connects a driveshaft to an axle or a transmission. It is often used on trucks and automobiles. It is a cross-shaped piece with bearings on either side that allows for lateral and side-to-side movement of a driveshaft or axle.
A U joint may be angled to cancel rotational vibration or to allow lateral movement. If it is angled too far, the U-joint may cause the axle or pinion to move sideways. To correct this, it is necessary to adjust the angle of the pinion.
Moreover, a U joint can cause a knocking or clunking sound after engagement. This happens because the u-joint trunnion is not tightly connected to the driveshaft or axle. This leads to excessive play at the joint and causes it to wear out.
CV joints are more durable and absorb shock more efficiently because they distribute the load over a larger area. Standard U-joints have small roller bearings that don’t roll well without lubrication. CV joints, on the other hand, feature large roller balls in a channel. They are used mainly on front-wheel drive cars.
U joints are also available as rebuildable components. If they fail, they can be rebuilt by replacing bushings, seals and clips. These types of components are more expensive than over-the-counter options, but they are 10 times stronger than inferior joints. However, they require high-quality axle shafts.
In contrast to conventional u-joints, these components allow for a greater degree of flexibility than the conventional type. In addition, off-set trunnions set the mating yokes at a greater distance than conventional joints do. This allows for a greater droop angle at the axle and prevents binding of the universal joint.
While they are very important for proper drive vehicle functioning, u-joints are not immune to rust. A common cause of failure is loss of lubrication. Original equipment joints usually lack grease fittings, and replacement units often have a zerk that is difficult to reach. Eventually, this can lead to crumbling needle bearings in the cups over the trunnions.
There are two common types of u-joints: 1310 and 297X. 1310 joints are used in most Jeep applications, while 297X u-joints are used in most Dana 44 and Corporate 10 bolt axles.

They are costly to repair

U joints are costly to repair and replace. A replacement can cost as much as $260, including labor and parts. The cost will vary depending on the location and type of vehicle. However, the average cost should fall in the range of $125 to $200. This cost does not include taxes and fees.
Although universal joints are designed to last for a long time, it’s likely that your vehicle will need replacements sooner or later. For instance, a vehicle that only gets driven for a few years may only need one replacement, while a vehicle that is several years old may require several replacements.
Repairing a U joint can be expensive if you go to a mechanic, but you can save a lot of money by replacing it yourself. You can purchase tools that can help you with the job, including a socket wrench and needle nose pliers. You can also make the job more convenient by buying your own tools.
When a U joint malfunctions, it can cause serious issues for the driveline. A broken U-joint can cause the driveshaft to dislocate and break. If this happens, it can cause the car to stop transferring power to the wheels. It may also lead to the breakdown of a vehicle’s transmission, which increases the cost of repair.
If you have a U-joint problem, it can cost you thousands of dollars. The worst case scenario is a U-joint failure mid-drive, which invites an accident. Repairing a U-joint could prevent a catastrophic accident that can cause more serious damage.
U-joints get a lot of work from the drivetrain when a vehicle is in motion. U-joints wear out faster if a vehicle is used for hauling or off-roading. For this reason, they need to be replaced more often than a vehicle that simply travels on a regular basis. To get the best deal on a replacement, purchase an OEM model.
It is important to keep your U-joint lubricated at all times. Without proper lubrication, the bearings in the u-joint can fail prematurely and lead to a more expensive repair. You should also consider servicing your bearings if they are starting to deteriorate.
A U-joint is a universal part of a car that connects the rear axle to the transmission. These universal joints are usually found in pairs on a vehicle’s driveshaft. These joints help compensate for misalignments in the rear axle. Without these joints, the rear axle would bind on bumps.
To repair a U-joint, you should remove the caps and disassemble the yoke. Ideally, the cap should be able to wiggle out. If not, you should try applying penetrating fluid overnight. Once the U-joint is disassembled, you can use a special tool to separate it.

editor by CX 2023-10-17

U-Joint Types and Their Functions

If your u joint squeaks, it is likely that it needs service. Professional service is important in order to prolong the life of your u joint. The following article will discuss the different types of u-joints and their functions. It will also discuss their cost. In addition, this article will cover how to properly clean and maintain your u joint.

u-joints

When your U-joints begin to fail, you’re not only dealing with a very expensive repair bill, you’re putting yourself in danger. When you’re stuck in traffic, this can leave you with no control of your vehicle. Even worse, when the front part of your driveshaft comes loose, it can lift the rear end of the car and push it sideways. The good news is that most of the time, replacing U-joints is not expensive, but it’s still better to replace them when you can, and not wait until it fails.
The cost of replacing your U-joints depends on the type of parts you need and how long it takes to replace them. Most replacements cost less than $50, but the exact cost will vary depending on the model of your vehicle. You can find your exact replacement price by visiting an online catalog of automotive parts.
The most common sign that your U-joints need replacing is a clunking noise. This sound is caused by excessive play in the joint. It can occur during manual transmission gear shifts or during heavy acceleration or deceleration. A loose u-joint can cause the driveshaft or axle to go out of balance, and you may even hear the clunking noise inside the vehicle.
Aside from U-joints, constant-velocity joints (CV joints) are another type of connecting joint that are commonly found in automobiles. These types of joints are similar to U-joints, but they’re designed to compensate for changes in steering. In front-wheel drive vehicles, these joints provide the steering and suspension travel required by a vehicle. In addition, these joints are often lubricated from the factory to help prevent them from premature wear and tear.

Types

U-joints are mechanical connectors that connect two axes or shafts. They are usually located on driveshafts or 4WD transfer cases and are very similar to axles with a ball joint. However, unlike a ball joint, a U-joint is constantly under immense pressure and friction and can wear out very quickly if not properly lubricated. These joints can also become damaged if they are placed at unusual angles or are abused. In order to know if a u-joint is about to fail, you should inspect it during every oil change or when the vehicle is serviced.
U-joints come in many different types. These include grooved and non-grooved types. The former feature grooves in the bottom of the bearing cup and snap rings on the inside. The latter two styles are similar to each other but are designed differently. You can tell which one is the best one for your needs by examining the bearing cup style on each end.
Universal joints are used on pickup trucks and other vehicles. They allow the driveshaft to move up and down without causing damage to the transmission and axle. They also help the vehicle ride smoothly on uneven roads. U-joints are a very important piece of auto suspension. Without these, the wheels of a truck or SUV would move around erratically and would not provide much wheel travel.
When measuring a U-joint, it’s important to determine whether it’s inside or outside locking. The inside locking type is able to be measured from the welded-in side while the outside lock type is only measured from the groove on the outside of the cap.

Functions

The U joint serves a purpose, but it can also be classified according to its size, shape, and other factors. Using these factors can help you choose the right joint for your application. In this article, we’ll talk about how each type of u joint works. Also, you’ll learn about how u joint sizes differ from one another.
Universal joints allow driveshafts and suspensions to move in tandem. This allows the driveshaft to move freely between stationary objects, which makes them indispensable for car suspension. Without u-joints, vehicles would be incapable of building suspension for wheel travel because the driveline would catch on potholes. Constant velocity joints are another type of joint found on FWD vehicles. These joints function similarly to universal joints, but they do not have the same mobility as a universal joint.

Cost

A car’s u joint can be expensive to replace. Its bearings are worn out and can cause excess vibration and an imbalance. A u joint may also need replacement if the transmission starts to break down. This will increase the overall u joint replacement cost. It’s essential to know how to spot a bad u joint and prevent it from causing further damage to your car.
The average cost of replacing a u-joint is about $260 for the parts and labor. However, prices will vary based on your location and vehicle model. You can look online for u-joint replacement prices in your area. The average price for a new universal joint is $260, but it can be as low as $235.
If you are looking to lower the cost of a new u-joint, you can try using used or remanufactured parts. Used u-joints will last longer and won’t have the same problems as a new one. In addition, remanufactured or secondhand parts are less expensive than new OEM parts.
While a new u-joint might only cost a few hundred dollars, professional auto laborers can perform the work for you for a couple hundred dollars. Using a shop that specializes in auto body work is an excellent option if you’re looking for a quick fix. While the labor costs are comparable, auto body shops offer other benefits. They are more efficient and offer a better value than dealerships.
A universal joint is made of cross-shaped casting that has short even-length arms. They usually feature needle bearings and a grease fitting for lubrication. The bearing cups fit into machined holes in a drive shaft or a component flange. The bearing cups are usually held in place by clips.

Maintenance

One of the most important steps in the maintenance of a U joint is to check for any loose parts, new leaks, and play in the joint. It is also important to clean the area around the U-joint to remove excess grease and other contaminants. You should also inspect the U-joint’s zerks for wear. Grease injected into the zerks should not be too thick or too thin, as it may mask the signs of excessive wear and tear.
Performing regular maintenance on u-joints will prolong their life. It is recommended to replace them after every five thousand miles, depending on how frequently the vehicle travels. While it is not necessary to replace the U-joint completely, it is essential to replace the worn or damaged yoke. This is because a worn-out u-joint will cause the driveshaft to become uneven, causing damage to other components. In addition, you should only replace worn or damaged u-joints with quality replacements.
One of the most common causes of U-joint failure is improper lubrication. Proper lubrication flushes can prevent slip and ensure proper operation. Proper lubrication flushes can also help clean out contaminants in bearing caps. Ensure that u-joints are properly lubricated at the recommended intervals.
When performing maintenance on u-joints, you should also check the vehicle’s weight capacity before performing any work. This label is usually located on the door jamb or inside the driver’s door. The vehicle must also be properly secured using wheel chocks.
When performing maintenance on a U-joint, you should inspect its slip spines and splines for wear. You should also check the bolt holes for wear and damage. You should check for rust, loose nuts, or other signs of wear and tear.

editor by CX 2023-06-14

U Joint Servicing

If your u joint is starting to squeak, it is time for service. A professional u joint service can prevent your u joint from squeaking in the first place, and help you extend its life. You should also keep an eye on the type of u joint you have, its design and load capacity.

Symptoms of a failing u-joint

There are a number of warning signs that your u-joint may be failing. These signs include vibration, clunking, and a loss of steering control. The u-joint is responsible for transmitting torque from the transmission to the wheels. When it starts to fail, it can lead to a very bad accident.
The most common cause of a failing u joint is age and lack of maintenance. U-joints should be greased every 20,000 to 40,000 miles. Additionally, if the u-joint is made of cheap materials, it can dry out and break over time. Getting your vehicle checked for u-joint failure early will not only help keep your car running, but it will also help you save money on repair costs.
Another warning sign of a failing u-joint is a loud bang. This means the driveshaft is loosened. A loose driveshaft can damage the rest of the vehicle. In addition to the annoying noises, a loose driveshaft can also cause serious damage to the car.
If you hear any unusual noises or vibrations coming from your u-joint, you should immediately take your vehicle to a mechanic. Ignoring these noises can result in serious damage and costly repairs. Fortunately, u-joints are relatively inexpensive to replace. Just make sure you buy quality replacement parts from the manufacturer.
A failing u-joint usually gives only a few symptoms, but you should be aware of them. It can also cause your car to make noises and experience difficult handling. If you notice any of these symptoms, it may be a sign that you need to replace your u-joint.
You can also listen for vibrations when you drive. If your u-joint isn’t functioning properly, the vibrations will increase as you accelerate and decelerate. In addition to this, you’ll notice that the vibrations will become louder and higher in pitch as the drive shaft moves faster.
If your u-joint is failing, you should immediately take your vehicle to a mechanic for an examination. If the joint is loose or has become contaminated with dirt or water, it will eventually break and cause severe damage to your car. Ultimately, your car’s wheels may even fall off.

Types of u-joints

There are many different types of u joints. While most of them are similar, there are some differences. Some have grooves or plates while others do not. There are three main types of u-joints: plain, plate, and grooved. Plate-style U-joints feature a flat mounting plate. Grooved-style u-joints have a groove on the bottom. You will find these on a variety of types of u-joints.
U-joints are used in many different applications. They are commonly located on drive shafts and 4WD transfer cases. They also may be on the axle shafts of front-wheel drive vehicles. Some vehicles use another type of u-joint, called a constant-velocity joint (CV-joint), to transfer torque to the front wheels. And in the case of solid front-axle vehicles, there are u-joints behind each front wheel.
Another type of u-joint is the cardan style. This joint operates when the pinion and shafts are at an angle. The cross rotates around the center of the shaft, while the bearing caps rotate around the trunnions. This elliptical path causes a strain on the U-joint.
U-joints are important parts of your vehicle. They are also a part of your car’s drive shaft and should be replaced as often as your vehicle’s drive shaft. Ideally, you should replace u-joints every 50,000 miles, but depending on the type of driving conditions, they may need replacement more often.
You can easily tell if your u-joints are worn by inspecting them. A worn u-joint will give you squeaks or clunks when driving and a dangling driveshaft when braking. Likewise, an uneven seal can let water and foreign material leak.
You can also notice if the U-Joint is dry or over-lubricated by listening to the drive shaft. If you hear vibrations, your drive shaft may be damaged and could be on the verge of failure. If you hear a loud banging sound when driving, you may need to lubricate the U-Joint.

Load capacity

The U joint load capacity is a measurement of the amount of force a U joint can withstand. It is important to note that this capacity may not always be consistent. In addition, it depends on the type of steel used and the size of the bearings and caps. Typically, the load capacity is measured in terms of continuous torque loads that are calculated over the joint’s entire life. A catastrophic failure rating is two to three times the rated yield torque.
The load capacity of a U joint depends on the bending moment generated by the gear spindle, which is a combination of driving torque, operating misalignment angle, and frictional load on the gear teeth. The bending moment of a gear spindle can be up to two to five times that of the U joint. Gear spindle load capacity decreases as the misalignment angle increases, because fewer teeth are in full contact to share the load. However, the torque capacity of a U joint is not significantly affected by misalignment angle. This is because the bearing life is not affected by misalignment angle and does not depend on the misalignment angle.
The CZPT Extreme U joint series offers a number of features to increase its load capacity. These u-joints use needleless bearing caps and high-grade anti-seize lubrication. They are compatible with CZPT 30 axle shafts and CZPT 44 and 60 axles. They also feature full-circle snap rings that virtually eliminate the possibility of ring ejection under load.
A U joint is one of the oldest types of flexible couplings available. It is commonly found in automotive applications. The basic design of a u-joint consists of two shaft yokes arranged at right angles. A four-point cross rides inside the yokes and is attached to bearing caps through snap rings. It is designed to compensate for changes in the angle of the driveline – such as changes in terrain.
U-joints vary in size and type. Some have a narrower range of load capacity than others. Usually, they are 1.5 to 1.8 times more expensive than gear spindles. However, U-joints are more durable and require less cleaning and maintenance. In addition, they require less lubrication and fewer parts to be replaced.

Design

The u joint is one of the oldest flexible couplings. Today, it is commonly used in automobiles. It consists of two shaft yokes that are at right angles to each other. Each shaft yoke is fitted with a four-point cross that rides inside a bearing cap assembly. These components are pressed into eyelets in the yokes. In addition to their functional utility, the joints also have aesthetic value.
While U joints are slightly more expensive than gear spindles, they offer much longer life and require less maintenance. They also require less clean-up and lubricant. U joints are available in several designs. Some designs have a closed eye yoke design that surrounds the bearing housing. Another design uses a split yoke with two halves bolted together.
A single universal joint can transmit a torque of 20 in-lbs. This torque must be transmitted at a speed of 600 RPM. However, the output shaft does not follow the input shaft exactly; instead, it leads or lags the input shaft. This phenomenon is called “use factor”. In Figure 3 we see the angular-velocity variation as a function of operating angle. It also illustrates the peak displacement lead and angular-acceleration ratio.
Another problem with u joints is that they don’t always achieve the expected fatigue life. This can be due to poor lubrication or improper sealing. These can lead to poor traction, causing the u-joint to wear out faster. The increased friction causes increased heat to build up, which reduces its life.
This book contains a graphical method to design a universal joint. It is a preview of the full content available for subscribers. There are dozens of graphical illustrations, an extensive Taxonomy, and dozens of patents that are featured in the book.
The design of a universal joint can be complex. The two shafts in a joint must be linked in a series and must have the same angular-velocity ratio. In addition, the angle between the input shaft and the intermediate shaft must be equal. Moreover, yoke 1 and yoke 2 must be in the plane of input and intermediate shafts.

editor by CX 2023-06-13